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Muscovite (Photo) [abbr. Ms ]

Year of discovery: 713 (Japan)

Locality list: 2,299 localities of muscovite

• KAl₂AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
• KAl₂AlSi₃O₁₀(OH,F)₂
• [K⁺][Al³⁺₂][(OH)₂|AlSi₃O₁₀]^7-

• Class: Phengite series < Dioctahedral < True mica group < Mica supergroup
• Class: Phyllo-Aluminosilicate - Hydroxide
• Variety: Fuchsite (+Cr)
• Variety: Alurgite (+Mn, Pink)
• Variety: Sericite (Fine grained) [abbr. Ser ]
• Variety: Hydromuscovite (K => H₂O)
• Insoluble in: HCl
• Magnetism: Diamagnetic
• Fluorescence: Triboluminescence (Yellow, by cleaving)
• Electrical: Electrostatic (Rubbed, Positive)
• Radioactive: Very weak
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Almandine or Andalusite.
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Cordierite and Indialite. (Cerasite)

• K => Cs: Nanpingite
• K => Na: Paragonite (Series)
• K => NH4: Tobelite

• Al => Cr: Chromphyllite
• Al => Fe: Glauconite series
• Al => V: Roscoelite

• Al₂ => MgSi: Aluminoceladonite (Series)
• Al₂ => FeSi: Ferro-aluminoceladonite

• KSi => CaAl: Margarite

• AlSi₃ => BSi₃: Boromuscovite

• Al³⁺₂ => Fe²⁺₃: Annite
• Al³⁺₂ => Mg₃: Phlogopite
• Al³⁺₂ => Zn₃: Hendricksite
• Al³⁺₂ => Mn₃: Shirozulite

• Si => Fe₂: Siderophyllite
• Si => Mg₂: Eastonite

• Al³⁺₃ => MgFe³⁺Si⁴⁺: Celadonite (Phengite Series)

• Color: White, Colorless, Pale green
• Streak: White
• Luster: Vitreous
• Diaphaneity: Transparent, Translucent

• Habit: Hexagonal platy

• Cleavage: Perfect on {001} (1 plane), Parting on {110} and {010} (3 planes)
• Hardness: 2.5
• Density: 2.9

• System: Monoclinic (1M, 2M₁, 2M₂), Triclinic (3T), Hexagonal (6H) (Layer-stacking polytype)
• Group: 2/m, B2/b
• Lattice: a=5.2, b=9.0, c=20.1, β=95.8

Etymology: Moscow, Russia. Muscovite produced at Ural mountains were exported via Moscow.